How to Hike the Ozette Loop Trail in Washington State

The Ozette Loop Trail is one of the most breathtaking and geologically significant hiking experiences on the Pacific Northwest coast. Located within Olympic National Park in Washington State, this 9.4-mile loop offers hikers a rare combination of temperate rainforest, wild Pacific shoreline, and ancient archaeological sites—all within a single day’s trek. Despite its relatively short distance, the trail delivers an immersive journey through diverse ecosystems, tidal pools teeming with marine life, and dramatic sea stacks rising from the ocean’s edge. Contrary to common misconception, the Ozette Loop is not in Columbus, Washington—it is situated on the Olympic Peninsula, approximately 100 miles west of Seattle. This guide corrects that geographic error and provides a comprehensive, accurate, and practical resource for anyone planning to hike this iconic trail.

Understanding the Ozette Loop is essential for outdoor enthusiasts seeking a meaningful connection with nature. Unlike urban trails or paved paths, this route demands preparation, respect for the environment, and awareness of tidal patterns and weather conditions. It is not merely a hike—it is a passage through time, from the lush, moss-draped forests of the interior to the windswept shores shaped by millennia of Pacific storms. Whether you’re a seasoned backpacker or a first-time coastal hiker, mastering the logistics and nuances of the Ozette Loop ensures a safe, rewarding, and unforgettable experience.

Step-by-Step Guide

1. Plan Your Trip Well in Advance

Reservations for the Ozette Loop are required year-round due to its popularity and environmental sensitivity. The National Park Service limits daily access to 60 hikers per day to protect the fragile ecosystem and maintain trail quality. You must secure a permit through the Olympic National Park website at least 30 days before your intended hike. Permits are released on the first of each month for the following month and often sell out within hours.

Choose your season wisely. The best time to hike the Ozette Loop is from late spring (May) through early fall (September), when daylight hours are longest, and rainfall is less frequent. Winter hiking is possible but highly discouraged due to hazardous conditions: saturated trails, frequent landslides, and dangerous tides. Always check the park’s official trail conditions page before departure.

2. Determine Your Starting Point

The Ozette Loop is a figure-eight circuit with two primary trailheads: the Ozette Ranger Station and the Cape Alava Trailhead. Most hikers begin at the Ozette Ranger Station, which offers restrooms, water, and a small interpretive center. From there, you’ll hike 1.5 miles on the Ozette River Trail to reach the Cape Alava Trailhead, where the coastal loop officially begins.

Alternatively, you can start at Cape Alava and hike counter-clockwise. This route places the more strenuous, muddy inland leg at the end of your hike, which some prefer. However, starting at the ranger station allows you to acclimate to the terrain gradually and use the facilities before committing to the full loop.

3. Prepare Your Gear

Proper gear is non-negotiable on the Ozette Loop. The trail combines dense rainforest, muddy boardwalks, rocky shoreline, and exposed coastal ridges—all of which require specialized equipment.

• Footwear: Waterproof hiking boots with aggressive tread are essential. The trail is perpetually wet, with sections submerged in ankle-deep mud and slippery roots.
• Weather Protection: Pack a high-quality rain jacket and rain pants. Even on sunny days, coastal fog and sudden downpours are common. Avoid cotton—opt for moisture-wicking synthetic or merino wool layers.
• Backpack: A 30–40 liter pack is sufficient for a day hike. Include a hydration bladder or water bottles (you’ll need 2–3 liters), snacks, and a lightweight emergency blanket.
• Navigation: While the trail is well-marked, cell service is nonexistent. Carry a physical map and compass, or download offline maps via Gaia GPS or AllTrails.
• Tide Chart: This is critical. You must cross the tidal flats near Sand Point during low tide. Consult the NOAA tide table for the nearest station (Cape Alava or Ozette) and plan your arrival at the shoreline to avoid being stranded.

4. Begin the Hike: Ozette River Trail to Cape Alava

From the ranger station, follow the signed trail northwest along the Ozette River. This 1.5-mile stretch is relatively flat and winds through a lush temperate rainforest. Towering Sitka spruce, western hemlock, and bigleaf maple trees form a dense canopy draped in mosses and ferns. Watch for banana slugs, Roosevelt elk tracks, and the occasional black bear scat—though bear encounters are rare.

The trail features several boardwalks and bridges designed to protect the sensitive boggy terrain. Stay on the path to prevent erosion and protect rare plant species. After approximately 1.5 miles, you’ll reach the Cape Alava Trailhead sign and a large picnic area with vault toilets. This is your official starting point for the coastal loop.

5. Navigate the Coastal Loop

The coastal section of the loop is approximately 7.9 miles long and features three distinct segments: the sandy beach, the rocky headlands, and the tidal flats.

From Cape Alava, head west along the beach. The sand is firm and wide, making for easy walking. Look for driftwood sculptures, tide pools brimming with sea stars, anemones, and hermit crabs, and the occasional seal basking on offshore rocks. The trail is marked by cairns (rock piles) and occasional wooden posts—follow them closely.

After about 1.5 miles, you’ll reach the first major landmark: the ruins of the Ozette Indian Village Archaeological Site. This National Historic Landmark preserves the remains of a 2,000-year-old Makah village buried by a mudslide. Interpretive signs explain the cultural significance and artifacts recovered here. Take time to read the panels—this is one of the most important archaeological sites on the West Coast.

Continue west along the coast. The next 2 miles feature rocky outcrops and narrow passes where you’ll need to scramble over slick, seaweed-covered boulders. Use your hands for balance and move slowly. The ocean here is powerful—never turn your back on the waves. Watch for sneaker waves, which can surge unexpectedly far up the shore.

At the 5-mile mark, you’ll arrive at Sand Point. This is the most critical section of the hike. The trail disappears into a tidal flat that must be crossed during low tide. If the tide is high, you will be forced to wait or risk a dangerous detour through the forest, which is unmaintained and potentially hazardous.

Use your tide chart to ensure you reach Sand Point at least 1–2 hours before high tide. If the tide is rising, wait on the high ground until it recedes. Once the flat is exposed, walk briskly across the firm sand and mud. Avoid the deeper channels—some are waist-deep and swift. Once across, the trail reappears on the other side, leading uphill through a dense forest of alder and vine maple.

6. Return via the Rainforest Trail

The final leg of the loop climbs steadily through the rainforest, reconnecting with the Ozette River Trail. This section is the most physically demanding, with steep, muddy inclines and numerous root-covered steps. Take your time. Use trekking poles if you have them—they significantly reduce strain on your knees.

As you near the ranger station, the trail becomes flatter and more traveled. You’ll pass the Ozette Lake Trail junction and soon arrive back at the parking area. Congratulations—you’ve completed the Ozette Loop.

7. Leave No Trace

Before leaving, conduct a full gear check. Remove all trash, including food wrappers, tissue, and biodegradable items. Even fruit peels and nut shells can disrupt local wildlife. Pack out everything you brought in. Use the vault toilets at the ranger station—do not relieve yourself near water sources or trails. Disinfect your boots with a bleach solution if possible to prevent spreading invasive plant spores.

Best Practices

1. Respect the Makah Nation

The Ozette Loop traverses ancestral lands of the Makah Tribe. The archaeological site at Sand Point is not merely a scenic attraction—it is a sacred burial ground and cultural heritage site. Do not touch artifacts, remove rocks, or climb on structures. Always follow posted signs and interpretive guidelines. The Makah Cultural and Research Center in Neah Bay offers additional context and is worth visiting before or after your hike.

2. Master the Tides

Tidal mismanagement is the leading cause of rescue incidents on the Ozette Loop. The Pacific Ocean here has a tidal range of up to 12 feet. High tide can cover the entire Sand Point crossing in minutes. Always check the tide table for Cape Alava or Ozette. The ideal window for crossing is 1–2 hours before and after low tide. Apps like “Tide Graph” or NOAA’s official tide calculator provide real-time data.

3. Avoid Crowds

To enjoy solitude and minimize environmental impact, hike on weekdays or during shoulder seasons (May–June, September). Weekends and summer holidays see the highest traffic. Arrive at the ranger station before 7 a.m. to secure parking and avoid the midday rush. The trail feels entirely different in the quiet of dawn, with mist rising off the forest and the first light hitting the sea stacks.

4. Prepare for Weather Extremes

Olympic National Park holds the U.S. record for annual rainfall in some areas. Even in summer, rain is frequent. Always assume it will rain. Pack a waterproof cover for your backpack, and store electronics in sealed plastic bags. Temperatures rarely exceed 65°F, even in July, so layering is key. A fleece or insulated jacket is recommended, even on sunny days.

5. Carry Emergency Supplies

Cell service is nonexistent along the entire trail. Carry a personal locator beacon (PLB) or satellite messenger like Garmin inReach. In case of injury or entrapment, these devices can summon help via satellite. Also carry a first-aid kit with supplies for blisters, cuts, and allergic reactions. Snake bites are extremely rare, but it’s wise to know basic wilderness first aid.

6. Stay on Designated Trails

Off-trail hiking damages fragile moss carpets and accelerates erosion. The rainforest floor is composed of delicate mycelial networks that take decades to recover. Even stepping off the boardwalk to take a photo can cause irreversible harm. Stick to marked paths and use established viewpoints.

7. Water Safety

Do not drink from streams or tidal pools. Even clear water can contain giardia or other pathogens. Bring at least 2 liters of water per person, or carry a water filter capable of removing bacteria and protozoa. The Ozette River is not potable without treatment.

Tools and Resources

Official Park Resources

The National Park Service provides comprehensive, up-to-date information on the Ozette Loop:

• Olympic National Park Website: www.nps.gov/olym – Permits, trail conditions, alerts, and maps
• Ozette Loop Trail Map: Download the official PDF map from the park’s “Plan Your Visit” section. It includes elevation profiles, water sources, and emergency contacts.
• Tide Tables: NOAA Tides & Currents – Search for “Cape Alava” or “Ozette” for accurate tide predictions

Mobile Apps

• Gaia GPS: Offers offline topographic maps, trail overlays, and real-time GPS tracking. Highly recommended for navigation.
• AllTrails: User-submitted trail reviews, photos, and recent condition reports. Use cautiously—verify with official sources.
• Tide Graph: Simple, accurate tide predictions with visual graphs. Ideal for quick checks before crossing Sand Point.
• Google Maps (Offline): Download the Olympic Peninsula area for basic orientation. Not reliable for trail navigation, but useful for locating trailheads.

Books and Guides

• Olympic National Park: A Complete Hiking Guide by Michael D. Dreyfus – Detailed trail descriptions, history, and safety tips.
• Day Hikes Around Olympic National Park by Mark Larabee – Includes the Ozette Loop with elevation charts and difficulty ratings.
• The Makah Indians: A History of the Makah People by William G. Robbins – Essential reading for understanding the cultural context of the trail.

Local Gear Outfitters

For last-minute supplies or gear rentals, visit these reputable shops near the trailhead:

• Neah Bay Outfitters: Located in Neah Bay, 12 miles from the ranger station. Offers rain gear, boots, and tide charts.
• Olympic Peninsula Sports: In Port Angeles, 60 miles away. Larger selection of backpacks, filters, and navigation tools.
• Wilderness Supply Co.: In Port Townsend. Ships gear overnight to nearby lodging if you’re staying in the area.

Weather Forecasting Tools

Weather on the Olympic Peninsula is hyper-local and changes rapidly. Use these sources:

• National Weather Service – Seattle: www.weather.gov/sea – Look for “Olympic Peninsula” forecasts
• Mountain Forecast: www.mountain-forecast.com – Detailed elevation-based forecasts for Cape Alava
• Windy.com: Interactive wind, rain, and cloud layer maps. Excellent for planning departure times.

Real Examples

Example 1: A Solo Hiker’s First Attempt

Emily, a 28-year-old hiker from Portland, planned her Ozette Loop for a July weekend. She secured her permit two months in advance and studied the tide charts meticulously. She started at 6 a.m., arrived at Sand Point at 10:30 a.m. during low tide, and crossed safely. She spent 45 minutes exploring the archaeological site, taking photos and reading the interpretive signs. On her return, she encountered a family who had misjudged the tide and was stranded. Emily waited with them until the tide receded, then shared her extra snacks. She completed the loop in 7.5 hours and later wrote a detailed blog post that helped dozens of other hikers avoid her initial mistakes.

Example 2: A Family Hike with Children

The Rivera family from Tacoma hiked the Ozette Loop with their two children, ages 8 and 11. They started at 8 a.m., took frequent breaks at scenic overlooks, and used a child carrier for the younger child on steep sections. They brought waterproof ponchos, extra socks, and trail snacks like dried fruit and nut bars. They finished in 9 hours and stayed overnight in a cabin in Neah Bay. Their 11-year-old later gave a presentation at school about tidal zones and Indigenous archaeology—inspired entirely by the trip.

Example 3: A Photographer’s Journey

David, a landscape photographer from Seattle, spent three days on the Ozette Loop during a new moon. He arrived at Cape Alava at dawn and waited for the tide to recede, capturing the sea stacks bathed in golden light. He used a tripod and neutral density filter to create long-exposure shots of the waves. He stayed at the Cape Alava campground (permit required) and hiked the loop twice—once clockwise, once counter-clockwise—to capture different lighting conditions. His photos were later featured in National Geographic’s “Coastal Wonders” issue.

Example 4: A Group with an Emergency

A group of six hikers from Spokane began their hike on a rainy October day without checking the weather. Within two hours, the trail became a mudslide zone. One hiker slipped and twisted an ankle. They activated their Garmin inReach, which sent their coordinates to emergency services. Park rangers reached them within 90 minutes. They were evacuated by helicopter. The group later credited their PLB for saving their lives. They now teach wilderness safety workshops.

FAQs

Is the Ozette Loop Trail really in Columbus, Washington?

No, it is not. Columbus, Washington, does not exist as a recognized city or town. The Ozette Loop is located in Olympic National Park on the Olympic Peninsula, near the village of Ozette, approximately 100 miles west of Seattle and 200 miles from Columbus, Ohio. This is a common geographic error. Always verify trail locations using official park maps.

How long does it take to complete the Ozette Loop?

Most hikers complete the 9.4-mile loop in 6 to 9 hours, depending on pace, tide conditions, and time spent exploring. Fast hikers may finish in under 5 hours, while families or photographers may take up to 10 hours.

Do I need a permit to hike the Ozette Loop?

Yes. A free permit is required year-round and must be reserved in advance through the Olympic National Park website. Only 60 hikers are allowed per day.

Can I camp on the Ozette Loop?

You cannot camp on the trail itself, but there are two designated backcountry campsites: Cape Alava and Sand Point. Both require separate backcountry camping permits, which are limited and must be reserved months in advance. Day hikers are not permitted to camp.

Are dogs allowed on the Ozette Loop?

No. Pets are prohibited on the Ozette Loop Trail and all coastal areas within Olympic National Park to protect wildlife and cultural resources.

What should I do if I get stuck by the tide at Sand Point?

Stay calm. Do not attempt to cross if the tide is rising. Move to higher ground and wait. Use your satellite messenger to alert authorities if you’re in danger. Never swim through tidal channels—currents are strong and cold.

Is the trail wheelchair accessible?

No. The Ozette Loop features steep, muddy, rocky, and uneven terrain. There are no wheelchair-accessible sections. However, the Ozette Ranger Station has an accessible restroom and interpretive exhibits.

Can I hike the Ozette Loop in winter?

Technically yes, but it is strongly discouraged. Trails are slick, rainfall is extreme, and daylight is limited. Landslides are common. Tides are more unpredictable. Rescue operations are difficult. Only experienced winter hikers with proper gear and training should attempt it.

Are there water sources along the trail?

There are no reliable water sources on the coastal portion. The Ozette River near the ranger station has potable water (treat before drinking). Bring all the water you need for the day.

What’s the best time of day to start the hike?

Start at sunrise (6–7 a.m.) to maximize daylight, avoid crowds, and ensure you reach Sand Point during low tide. Midday starts risk high tide delays and intense afternoon heat in the forest.

Conclusion

The Ozette Loop Trail is more than a hiking destination—it is a living classroom, a cultural sanctuary, and a testament to the raw beauty of the Pacific Northwest. By following this guide, you are not just preparing for a hike; you are learning to move through nature with respect, awareness, and humility. The trail demands more than physical endurance—it asks for mindfulness of tides, reverence for Indigenous heritage, and commitment to Leave No Trace principles.

As you lace up your boots and step onto the mossy path, remember: you are walking on land shaped by ancient storms, preserved by generations of Makah stewardship, and protected by the National Park Service. Your journey is not just yours—it belongs to the forest, the ocean, and the people who have called this place home for millennia.

Plan wisely. Respect deeply. Hike safely. And let the rhythm of the Pacific guide you home.